40,873 research outputs found
Probing the momentum dependence of medium modifications of the nucleon-nucleon elastic cross sections
The momentum dependence of the medium modifications on nucleon-nucleon
elastic cross sections is discussed with microscopic transport theories and
numerically investigated with an updated UrQMD microscopic transport model. The
semi-peripheral Au+Au reaction at beam energy MeV is adopted as an
example. It is found that the uncertainties of the momentum dependence on
medium modifications of cross sections influence the yields of free nucleons
and their collective flows as functions of their transverse momentum and
rapidity. Among these observables, the elliptic flow is sensitively dependent
on detailed forms of the momentum dependence and more attention should be paid.
The elliptic flow is hardly influenced by the probable splitting effect of the
neutron-neutron and proton-proton cross sections so that one might pin down the
mass splitting effect of the mean-field level at high beam energies and high
nuclear densities by exploring the elliptic flow of nucleons or light clusters.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl
Empirical Study of Simulated Two-planet Microlensing Event
We undertake the first study of two-planet microlensing models recovered from
simulations of microlensing events generated by realistic multi-planet systems
in which 292 planetary events including 16 two-planet events were detected from
6690 simulated light curves. We find that when two planets are recovered, their
parameters are usually close to those of the two planets in the system most
responsible for the perturbations. However, in one of the 16 examples, the
apparent mass of both detected planets was more than doubled by the unmodeled
influence of a third, massive planet. This fraction is larger than, but
statistically consistent with, the roughly 1.5% rate of serious mass errors due
to unmodeled planetary companions for the 274 cases from the same simulation in
which a single planet is recovered. We conjecture that an analogous effect due
to unmodeled stellar companions may occur more frequently. For seven out of 23
cases in which two planets in the system would have been detected separately,
only one planet was recovered because the perturbations due to the two planets
had similar forms. This is a small fraction (7/274) of all recovered
single-planet models, but almost a third of all events that might plausibly
have led to two-planet models. Still, in these cases, the recovered planet
tends to have parameters similar to one of the two real planets most
responsible for the anomaly.Comment: 21 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables; submitted to ApJ; for a short video
introducing the key results, see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qhK4a6sbfO
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Could Inflammaging and Its Sequelae Be Prevented or Mitigated?
Aged humans display a chronic and low-grade inflammation, termed "inflammaging", which has been potentially linked to the subsequent development of some aging-associated systemic disorders, including type 2 diabetes, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease and obesity. Though the origin of aging-associated systemic inflammation is uncertain, epidemiological studies show that inflammatory dermatoses (psoriasis and eczema) are risk factors for some aging-associated systemic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Moreover, recent studies demonstrate that epidermal dysfunction in aged skin not only causes cutaneous inflammation, but also a subsequent increase in circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines, suggesting that the skin could be a major contributor to inflammaging. This hypothesis is further supported by reductions in circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines in both aged humans and murine, following improvements in epidermal function with topical emollients. Therefore, correction of epidermal dysfunction could be a novel approach for the prevention and mitigation of certain inflammation-associated chronic disorders in aged humans
Approximate solutions of stochastic differential delay equations with Markovian switching
Our main aim is to develop the existence theory for the solutions to stochastic differential delay equations with Markovian switching (SDDEwMSs) and to establish the convergence theory for the Euler-Maruyama approximate solutions under the local Lipschitz condition. As an application, our results are used to discuss a stochastic delay population system with Markovian switching
Limits on the evolution of galaxies from the statistics of gravitational lenses
We use gravitational lenses from the Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey (CLASS) to
constrain the evolution of galaxies since redshift in the current
\LCDM cosmology. This constraint is unique as it is based on a mass-selected
lens sample of galaxies. Our method of statistical analysis is the same as in
Chae (2003). We parametrise the early-type number density evolution in the form
of and the velocity dispersion as . We find that
() if we assume , implying
that the number density of early-type galaxies is within 50% to 164% of the
present-day value at redshift . Allowing the velocity dispersion to
evolve, we find that (), indicating that
the velocity dispersion must be within 57% and 107% of the present-day value at
. These results are consistent with the early formation and passive
evolution of early-type galaxies. More stringent limits from lensing can be
obtained from future large lens surveys and by using very high-redshift quasars
(z \ga 5) such as those found from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey.Comment: 10 pages (preprint format), 2 figures, ApJL in press (December 20th
issue
Is J 133658.3-295105 a Radio Source at z >= 1.0 or at the Distance of M 83?
We present Gemini optical imaging and spectroscopy of the radio source J
133658.3-295105. This source has been suggested to be the core of an FR II
radio source with two detected lobes. J 133658.3-295105 and its lobes are
aligned with the optical nucleus of M 83 and with three other radio sources at
the M 83 bulge outer region. These radio sources are neither supernova remnants
nor H II regions. This curious configuration prompted us to try to determine
the distance to J 133658.3-295105. We detected H_alpha emission redshifted by ~
130 km s^-1 with respect to an M 83 H II region 2.5" east-southeast of the
radio source. We do not detect other redshifted emission lines of an optical
counterpart down to m_i = 22.2 +/- 0.8. Two different scenarios are proposed:
the radio source is at z >= 2.5, a much larger distance than the previously
proposed lower limit z >= 1.0, or the object was ejected by a gravitational
recoil event from the M 83 nucleus. This nucleus is undergoing a strong
dynamical evolution, judging from previous three-dimensional spectroscopy.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Adaptive Electricity Scheduling in Microgrids
Microgrid (MG) is a promising component for future smart grid (SG)
deployment. The balance of supply and demand of electric energy is one of the
most important requirements of MG management. In this paper, we present a novel
framework for smart energy management based on the concept of
quality-of-service in electricity (QoSE). Specifically, the resident
electricity demand is classified into basic usage and quality usage. The basic
usage is always guaranteed by the MG, while the quality usage is controlled
based on the MG state. The microgrid control center (MGCC) aims to minimize the
MG operation cost and maintain the outage probability of quality usage, i.e.,
QoSE, below a target value, by scheduling electricity among renewable energy
resources, energy storage systems, and macrogrid. The problem is formulated as
a constrained stochastic programming problem. The Lyapunov optimization
technique is then applied to derive an adaptive electricity scheduling
algorithm by introducing the QoSE virtual queues and energy storage virtual
queues. The proposed algorithm is an online algorithm since it does not require
any statistics and future knowledge of the electricity supply, demand and price
processes. We derive several "hard" performance bounds for the proposed
algorithm, and evaluate its performance with trace-driven simulations. The
simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed electricity
scheduling algorithm.Comment: 12 pages, extended technical repor
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